2. Shear yielding of the end plate material. This limitstate is not usually observed, but shear in combinationwith bending can result in reduced flexural capacityand stiffness.3. Shear rupture of an unstiffened end plate through theoutside bolt hole line.4. Bolt tension rupture. This limit state is obviously abrittle failure mode and is the most critical limit statein an end-plate connection.5. Bolt shear rupture due to shear at the interfacebetween the end plate and column flange.6. Plate bearing failure of end plate or column flange atbolts.7. Rupture of beam tension flange to end plate welds orbeam web tension region to end plate welds.8. Shear yielding of beam web to end plate weld or ofbeam web base metal.9. Column web yielding opposite either the tension orcompression flanges of the connected beam.10. Column web crippling opposite the compressionflange of the connected beam.11. Column web buckling opposite the compressionflange of the connected beam.12. Flexural yielding of the column flange in the vicinityof the tension bolts. As with flexural yielding of theend plate, this limit state in itself is not limiting butresults in rapid increases in tension bolt forces andexcessive rotation at the connection.13. Column transverse stiffener (continuity plate) failuredue to yielding, local buckling, or weld failure.14. Column panel zone failure due to shear yielding orweb plate buckling.2.4 Detailing and Fabrication PracticesProper detailing of an end-plate connection is necessary toensure that the load path and geometric assumptions integrated into the design procedure are properly observed. It isrecommended that beams with end-plate connections not becambered since the resulting beam end rotation will causefield fit up problems. A critical aspect of end-plate connection design is the welding procedure used to install thewelds that connect the end plate to the connected beam. As
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