Any body in a radiation field may be characterized by three parameters, each depending
on wavelength λ: the fraction αλ of incoming radiation to be absorbed, the fraction ρλ to
be reflected and the fraction tλ to be transmitted. As there are no other mechanisms than
absorption, reflection and transmission it follows that αλ + ρλ + tλ = 1. A black body by
definition has no transmission or reflection at any wavelength, so ρλ = tλ = 0 and αλ = 1.
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