Cryptographic technologies are advancing: new techniques on attack, design and implementationare extensively studied. One of the state-of-the-art techniques is “Lightweight Cryptography(LWC)”. Lightweight cryptography is a cryptographic algorithm or protocol tailored for implementationin constrained environments including RFID tags, sensors, contactless smart cards,health-care devices and so on.The properties of lightweight cryptography have already been discussed in ISO/IEC 29192 inISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27. ISO/IEC 29192 is a new standardization project of lightweight cryptography,and the project is in process of standardization. In ISO/IEC 29192, lightweight propertiesare described based on target platforms. In hardware implementations, chip size and/or energyconsumption are the important measures to evaluate the lightweight properties. In software implementations,the smaller code and/or RAM size are preferable for the lightweight applications. Fromthe view of the implementation properties, the lightweight primitives are superior to conventionalcryptographic ones, which are currently used in the Internet security protocols, e.g. IPsec, TLS.Lightweight cryptography also delivers adequate security. Lightweight cryptography does notalways exploit the security-efficiency trade-offs. We report recent technologies of lightweight cryptographicprimitives.
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