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The smooth operation of an ant colo

The smooth operation of an ant colony depends on ten to twenty different signals, most of which are pheromones (chemical signals triggering behavioral responses). It is estimated that red fire ants employ at least twelve different chemical signals. The simplest of these is the carbon dioxide from the respiration of an ant cluster, a chemical that acts as a pheromone to promote aggregation. Workers move toward a source of carbon dioxide, resulting in solitary ants moving to join a group. At the other extreme, the most complex of the fire ants' signals is probably colony odor, by which the workers of a particular colony or nest identify another worker as local or foreign. Each ant nest has its own odor as a result of its location, history, and local food supply. The resident ants pick up this odor on their bodies, so that ants of the same species, but from different nests, have different colony odors. This allows ants to identify intruders and maintain colony integrity. Fire ants also make use of an alarm pheromone to alert workers to an emergency, and their scouts lay down a trail pheromone as a guide during                 mass migrations. A fire ant queen emits a chemical signal that identifies her to the colony's workers. They respond by scurrying to gather around her. The decomposing corpse of a dead ant also generates a signal, to which workers respond by eliminating the corpse from the nest. Ants provide examples of both public (accessible to other species) and private messages. One of their most important private messages concerns food, for a food source is worth keeping secret. Each species marks its trails with signals that are meaningless to others, so that an ant crossing a trail left by another ant species typically notices nothing. On the other hand, a secret signal to mark a dead body is unnecessary. Many kinds of ants perceive a natural decomposition product of dead insects as a signal to remove a corpse. If an outsider recognizes this message and moves the body, no harm is done.
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Kết quả (Tiếng Indonesia) 1: [Sao chép]
Sao chép!
The smooth operation of an ant colony depends on ten to twenty different signals, most of which are pheromones (chemical signals triggering behavioral responses). It is estimated that red fire ants employ at least twelve different chemical signals. The simplest of these is the carbon dioxide from the respiration of an ant cluster, a chemical that acts as a pheromone to promote aggregation. Workers move toward a source of carbon dioxide, resulting in solitary ants moving to join a group. At the other extreme, the most complex of the fire ants' signals is probably colony odor, by which the workers of a particular colony or nest identify another worker as local or foreign. Each ant nest has its own odor as a result of its location, history, and local food supply. The resident ants pick up this odor on their bodies, so that ants of the same species, but from different nests, have different colony odors. This allows ants to identify intruders and maintain colony integrity. Fire ants also make use of an alarm pheromone to alert workers to an emergency, and their scouts lay down a trail pheromone as a guide during mass migrations. A fire ant queen emits a chemical signal that identifies her to the colony's workers. They respond by scurrying to gather around her. The decomposing corpse of a dead ant also generates a signal, to which workers respond by eliminating the corpse from the nest. Ants provide examples of both public (accessible to other species) and private messages. One of their most important private messages concerns food, for a food source is worth keeping secret. Each species marks its trails with signals that are meaningless to others, so that an ant crossing a trail left by another ant species typically notices nothing. On the other hand, a secret signal to mark a dead body is unnecessary. Many kinds of ants perceive a natural decomposition product of dead insects as a signal to remove a corpse. If an outsider recognizes this message and moves the body, no harm is done.
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Kết quả (Tiếng Indonesia) 2:[Sao chép]
Sao chép!
Kelancaran koloni semut tergantung pada sepuluh sampai dua puluh sinyal yang berbeda, yang sebagian besar adalah feromon (sinyal kimia memicu respon perilaku). Diperkirakan bahwa semut api merah mempekerjakan setidaknya dua belas sinyal kimia yang berbeda. Yang paling sederhana dari ini adalah karbon dioksida dari respirasi cluster semut, bahan kimia yang bertindak sebagai feromon untuk mempromosikan agregasi. Pekerja bergerak ke arah sumber karbon dioksida, sehingga semut soliter bergerak untuk bergabung ke grup. Pada ekstrem yang lain, yang paling kompleks dari sinyal semut api 'mungkin koloni bau, dimana para pekerja dari koloni tertentu atau sarang mengidentifikasi pekerja lain sebagai lokal atau asing. Setiap sarang semut memiliki bau sendiri sebagai hasil dari lokasinya, sejarah, dan pasokan makanan lokal. Semut warga mengambil bau ini pada tubuh mereka, sehingga semut dari spesies yang sama, tetapi dari sarang yang berbeda, memiliki bau koloni yang berbeda. Hal ini memungkinkan semut untuk mengidentifikasi penyusup dan menjaga integritas koloni. Semut api juga membuat penggunaan feromon alarm untuk mengingatkan pekerja untuk keadaan darurat, dan pramuka mereka berbaring feromon jejak sebagai panduan selama migrasi massal. Api ratu semut memancarkan sinyal kimia yang mengidentifikasi dirinya kepada pekerja koloni. Mereka menanggapi dengan bergegas untuk mengumpulkan di sekelilingnya. The membusuk mayat semut mati juga menghasilkan sinyal, yang pekerja merespon dengan menghilangkan mayat dari sarang. Semut memberikan contoh baik pesan publik (diakses dengan spesies lain) dan swasta. Salah satu yang paling penting pesan pribadi keprihatinan makanan mereka, untuk sumber makanan layak disimpan rahasia. Setiap spesies menandai jalan dengan sinyal yang berarti bagi orang lain, sehingga semut melintasi jejak yang ditinggalkan oleh spesies semut lain biasanya pemberitahuan apa-apa. Di sisi lain, sinyal rahasia untuk menandai mayat tidak perlu. Banyak jenis semut menganggap produk dekomposisi alami dari serangga mati sebagai sinyal untuk menghapus mayat. Jika orang luar mengakui pesan ini dan bergerak tubuh, tidak ada salahnya dilakukan.
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