Cells incubated with either Au NRs or Au NSs have a nearlyequal lowest energy fluence of 12−15 mJ/cm2 when laser irradiation starts to trigger cell death. This result means that inthe as-performed experiment, no substantial difference wasobserved in the photothermolysis efficiency between two kindsof investigated NPs to claim a significant advantage of any typefrom the obtained data. However, every specimen after laserscanning contains a specific amount of cells with consistentmembranes whose amount decreases with increasing appliedlaser energy fluence. The most obvious reason for incompletephotothermolysis is that the survived cells had internalized asmaller amount of Au NPs or, in other words, as a result of thenonuniform distribution of gold across cells in the specimen.Figure 8c and 8e reveals a substantial broadening of histogramsof the FITC fluorescence distribution versus cell count forspecimens that were incubated with Au NRs modified byFITC-labeled chitosan compared with the histograms ofcontrol cell samples and samples treated with Au NSs (Figure8d and 8f). The overlays of normalized histograms for goldconcentrations of 10 and 4 μg/mL are presented in Figure S8,Supporting Information.
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