1081SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSInitial rifting in the Cuu Long and Nam Con Son basins began in the Eocene-early Oligocene, followed by the uplift and rotation of the crustal blocks at the onset of drifting in the southwestern South China Sea. The initial rifting phase is characterized by rapid subsidence and infilling; various alluvial fluvial lacustrine processes were involved in the synrift sedimentation. The erosion of the uplifted blocks in the late Oligocene marked the transition from rifting to regional subsidence in the Cuu Long Basin. A second phase of rifting began in the Nam Con Son Basin in the Miocene while the postrift subsidence continued in the Cuu Long Basin. Inversion in the middle to late Miocene terminated the second phase of rifting in the Nam Con Son Basin. The synrift unit corresponding to the second rifting phase in the Nam Con Son Basin and the postrift unit in the Cuu Long is characterized by a deepening- upward succession, grading upward from nonmarine to paralic or shelf sediments. The postrift unit in the Nam Con Son Basin consists mainly of shelfal and deeper water sediments.The hydrocarbon occurrences in the study area are characterized by two distinct regions: (1) the oil-prone Cuu Long Basin where the oil is reservoired mainly in the basement highs and (2) the gas-prone Nam Con Son Basin where the gas is trapped in Miocene sands and late Miocene carbonates. The prolonged rifting and inversion in the Nam Con Son Basin created shallow traps with gas potential but produced adverse effects on the integrity of deeper traps with oil potential formed during the initial rifting phase. In the Cuu Long Basin, however, large traps are not likely in the postrift section because of the slow and quiet subsidence; this lack of tectonic perturbations instead helped the deeper traps retain oil without much remigration or leakage.
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man, 1993). In the Cuu Long Basin, Eocene lacustrine deposits (Canh et al., 1994) and Oligocene sediments (Areshev et al., 1992) are the known source rocks. Crude oil samples from the Cuu Long Basin were found to be typical of lacustrine oil (Reid, 1997). The production of oil in the Bac Ho and Rong fields and oil discoveries in other parts of the Cuu Long Basin may suggest that much of the oil in the Cuu Long Basin originated from) lacustrine source rocks, which produce mainly oil during thermal maturation.
Geochemical analysis of oil samples from the Nam Con Son Basin has shown a dominance of ker- ogen from higher land plants, suggesting paralic carbonaceous mudstones and coastal-plain sediments as the main source rock facies (Matthews et al., 1997; Todd et al., 1997). Coals and coaly shales are also the known source rocks for some plays in the Miocene reservoir in the Nam Con Son Basin (Reid, 1997). Oil samples from an unnamed field in the Nam Con Son Basin, however, showed a spread of types, having a
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