100:00:23, 680--> 00:00:28, 549Người kể chuyện: trong tháng 8 năm 1914, hainavys lớn nhất trên thế giới đã sẵn sàng cho chiến tranh.200:00:31, 040--> 00:00:34, 555Bây giờ, Hải quân Hoàng gia sẽ giải quyết các câu hỏiHạm đội Đức300:00:34, 640--> 00:00:39, 998Và nếu họ không đi ra và chiến đấuhọ sẽ được đào như chuột từ một lỗ400:00:40, 080--> 00:00:42, 355Nhưng hai hạm đội hiếm khi đáp ứng.500:00:43, 280--> 00:00:47, 910Thay vào đó, một loại mới của chiến tranh tiến hóa:nhiều tàng hình, tàn nhẫn hơn.600:00:48, 000--> 00:00:50, 719Một cuộc chiến tranh không chống lại thiết giáp hạm, nhưng người.700:01:32, 040--> 00:01:36, 158Thủ phủ của thế giới tàu trong năm 1914đã là các sản phẩm của một cuộc chiến tranh lạnh.800:01:37, 480--> 00:01:40, 438Của Anh HMS Dreadnoughtđã thiết lập điểm chuẩn:900:01:40, 520--> 00:01:42, 795lớp vỏ giáp dày, súng lớn, nhanh chóng.1000:01:46, 520--> 00:01:50, 593Thiết giáp hạm dreadnought đã ước chiptrong một trò chơi tuyệt vời Hải quân poker.1100:01:59, 400--> 00:02:01, 675Đức có mười bavà bảy tòa nhà.1200:02:02, 400--> 00:02:05, 198Austria-Hungary: ba.America: Mười.1300:02:05, 280--> 00:02:07, 236Vương Quốc Anh: hai mươi.1400:02:10, 680--> 00:02:14, 832Họ giữ hòa bình.Nhưng sau đó cuộc chiến tranh lạnh đã nóng.1500:02:28, 640--> 00:02:33, 668Anh và Đức đã là các đối thủ chính,nhìn chằm chằm nhau biển Bắc.1600:02:37, 840--> 00:02:42, 277Còn hai bên nhìn vào bản đồ,rõ ràng càng trở thành vấn đề của họ.1700:02:43,600 --> 00:02:46,558Germany's ships couldn't get clearof the North Sea.1800:02:46,640 --> 00:02:50,269To the south, the Channel blockedby mines and the Dover Patrol.1900:02:51,120 --> 00:02:54,032To the north, the British Grand Fleetat Scapa Flow.2000:02:58,120 --> 00:03:00,270But Britain couldn't get at the German Fleet2100:03:00,360 --> 00:03:03,397unless it came out fromits heavily-protected bases.2200:03:04,960 --> 00:03:09,112And if they actually met in the North Sea,the result could be catastrophic.2300:03:17,360 --> 00:03:19,316The sight everyone feared.2400:03:19,400 --> 00:03:22,472Austro-Hungarian battleship, the Istvan,2500:03:22,560 --> 00:03:25,916sunk late in the warby a tiny Italian torpedo boat.2600:03:34,760 --> 00:03:40,198ln 1914, the German Navy believed torpedoesand submarines might tip the balance their way.2700:03:40,280 --> 00:03:44,034A hit-and-run war with little history and no rules.2800:03:49,040 --> 00:03:53,636Jacky Fisher, Britain's sharpest admiral,predicted radical change ahead:2900:03:53,720 --> 00:03:59,750The use of submarines has convinced us thatin wartime nothing can stand against them3000:04:00,800 --> 00:04:04,509The submarine is the coming type of war vesselfor sea fighting3100:04:04,600 --> 00:04:10,470It means that the whole foundation ofour traditional naval strategy has broken down3200:04:13,640 --> 00:04:18,031Two days into the war, Germany unleashedten U-boats into the North Sea3300:04:18,120 --> 00:04:20,076to hunt down the British Fleet.3400:04:20,880 --> 00:04:24,668One of them, U-21,made her way to the Firth of Forth,3500:04:24,760 --> 00:04:28,992where the British cruiser, HMS Pathfinder,was leaving Rosyth naval base.3600:04:34,320 --> 00:04:36,709U-21 sunk her with a single torpedo.3700:04:40,120 --> 00:04:43,556Within a fortnight,the Germans had more good news.3800:04:43,640 --> 00:04:48,031This 1927 film celebrates the voyageof Captain Weddigen and the U-9.3900:04:55,760 --> 00:05:00,356Through my primatic glassesI noticed a small masthead coming into view4000:05:00,440 --> 00:05:02,317near the Maas Lightship4100:05:02,400 --> 00:05:04,356It looked like the mast of a warship4200:05:04,440 --> 00:05:09,594Could this be the first sight of the enemythat we were to have during the war?4300:05:12,360 --> 00:05:16,069The U-9 had found the British cruisers,Hogue, Aboukir and Cressy,4400:05:16,160 --> 00:05:18,151on patrol off the Dutch coast.4500:05:22,560 --> 00:05:26,997Practically obsolete, they werenicknamed the "Live-Bait Squadron".4600:05:29,040 --> 00:05:30,951Captain Weddigen seized his chance.4700:05:32,000 --> 00:05:34,389Fired torpedo at 500 metres4800:05:34,480 --> 00:05:37,313Target was middle shipin a three-ship formation4900:05:38,600 --> 00:05:42,67331 seconds later, the torpedo struck Aboukir.5000:05:48,280 --> 00:05:50,589On board was Kit Musgrave.5100:05:50,680 --> 00:05:52,716We were woken by a terrific crash5200:05:52,800 --> 00:05:57,078and the whole ship shookand all the crockery in the pantry fell5300:05:57,160 --> 00:06:00,232Then Cressy and Hogue arrivedand let down their boats5400:06:00,320 --> 00:06:04,632The Aboukir went down suddenlyand we slid down her side into the water5500:06:07,560 --> 00:06:09,357Musgrave jumped into the North Sea5600:06:09,440 --> 00:06:13,558and became the only man in the warto be sunk on three ships within one hour.5700:06:15,520 --> 00:06:18,557I swam to the Hogueand was just going on board5800:06:18,640 --> 00:06:20,756when she was struck and sank in three minutes5900:06:20,840 --> 00:06:24,879I then swam on to the Cressyand was hauld up the side with a rope6000:06:24,960 --> 00:06:27,793But she was struck also and we sank6100:06:31,320 --> 00:06:34,869George von Muller was chief of Germany'sImperial Naval Cabinet.6200:06:36,200 --> 00:06:41,399On our return from the morning ridethe first news of the successful torpedo attack6300:06:41,480 --> 00:06:44,597by the U-9 on three English cruisers6400:06:44,680 --> 00:06:48,753We are all delightedand the Kaiser is in seventh heaven6500:06:52,880 --> 00:06:54,632The British were appalled.6600:06:54,720 --> 00:06:58,759First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill,got the blame.6700:06:58,840 --> 00:07:02,549Over 1,400 men, many of them young cadets,6800:07:02,640 --> 00:07:05,791had died in a single submarine attack.6900:07:05,880 --> 00:07:08,235"Winston's War Babies", they were called.7000:07:12,200 --> 00:07:15,875British submarine lieutenant Ronald Trevorwrote to his parents:7100:07:15,960 --> 00:07:21,159The news tonight is sad but whatwe submariners have been expecting for weeks7200:07:21,240 --> 00:07:24,073The Commodore has repeatedlywarned the Admiralty7300:07:24,160 --> 00:07:26,879that those ships ought not to patrolthe North Sea7400:07:26,960 --> 00:07:29,713What has happenedis exactly what we predicted7500:07:29,800 --> 00:07:35,557ships stand by to rescue the sinking one's crewthen the submarine gets two sitting shots7600:07:39,000 --> 00:07:42,993Commander in chief of the British Grand Fleetwas Admiral John Jellicoe.7700:07:43,840 --> 00:07:47,037He'd joined the Navy in 1874 as a midshipman .7800:07:47,120 --> 00:07:49,076(Piping aboard)7900:07:54,000 --> 00:07:58,516Known as Silent Jack, he was experienced,capable and cautious.8000:07:59,720 --> 00:08:01,915He ended patrols off the German coast,8100:08:02,000 --> 00:08:05,879confining his most valuable shipsto Scapa Flow and Rosyth,8200:08:05,960 --> 00:08:08,315at the very limits of the U-boats' range.8300:08:08,400 --> 00:08:10,391He warned the Admiralty:8400:08:10,480 --> 00:08:13,472The Germans have shown that they relyto a very great extent8500:08:13,560 --> 00:08:16,632on submarines mines and torpedoes8600:08:16,720 --> 00:08:20,599and there can be no doubt that theypossess an actual superiority over us8700:08:20,680 --> 00:08:22,591in these particular directions8800:08:24,840 --> 00:08:28,719Germany's forward submarine basewas on the island of Heligoland.8900:08:30,560 --> 00:08:33,870The U-boats were orderedto sweep the North Sea.9000:08:38,840 --> 00:08:40,796But the British had gone.9100:08:48,160 --> 00:08:51,994On 16 December 1914,hoping to lure the British out,9200:08:52,080 --> 00:08:55,311five German warshipssteamed across the North Sea.9300:08:57,560 --> 00:09:01,155At seven in the morning, they opened fireon Scarborough and Hartlepool.9400:09:03,680 --> 00:09:07,389There was a terrific crashWe thought it must be sudden thunder9500:09:07,480 --> 00:09:10,313But when another crash camewe rushed to the window9600:09:10,400 --> 00:09:13,631and saw a lot of smoke and cried"It 's the Germans!"9700:09:13,720 --> 00:09:19,352Two of the wee girl hung on to me and said''Are the Germans going to kill us?''9800:09:20,600 --> 00:09:22,750122 people died in the attack.9900:09:23,600 --> 00:09:25,318It was the first time enemy warships10000:09:25,400 --> 00:09:28,870had killed anyone on theBritish mainland in over a century.
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