Fatty acid oxidationOxidation of FAs occurs within mitochondria, peroxisomes and the ER, and facilitates degradation of activated FAs to acetyl-CoA. It is a rapid and effective way of energy allocation since, for example, the oxidation of one molecule of palmitate produces up to 129 ATP equivalents [41]. FAs are activated by acyl-CoA-synthetase to acyl-CoA in the cytosol. This process is indispensable for enabling FAs to cross membranes and enter organelles. While short- and medium-chain FAs pass the mitochondrial membrane without activation, activated long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are shuttled across the membrane via carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1). Malonyl-CoA, an early intermediate of DNL that accumulates upon insulin receptor activation, is an allosteric inhibitor of CPT1 [42]
đang được dịch, vui lòng đợi..
