Subcutaneous (SC or SQ) injections are commonly used in the administration of medications such as insulin and heparin because these drugs are absorbed slowly, to produce a sustained effect. SC injections place the medication into the subcutaneous tissue, between the dermis and the muscle. Clients who administer frequent subcutaneous injections should rotate sites regularly. An administration chart can help them keep track of the sites used. The amount of medication given varies but should not exceed 1.0 ml; if repeated drug doses are given, rotate the sites. Subcutaneous tissues are sensitive to irritating medications. Hard painful lumps can develop beneath the skin if the sites are not rotated.
Common sites for SC injections are the abdomen, the lateral and anterior aspects of the upper arm or thigh, the scapular area on the back, and upper ventrodorsal gluteal areas (Figure 29-21).
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