THE RETROSPECTIVE FORMULATo provide a basis for the discussion of the retrospectiveapproach to rating, it may be helpful to ex-(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)Incurred Losses Converted Losses (Losses + 14%) Basic Premium Basic Premium + Converted Losses Column (4) × 1.03 Tax Multiplier$ 20,000 $ 22,800 $20,000 $ 42,800 $ 50,000 Minimum40,000 45,600 20,000 65,000 66,95060,000 68,400 20,000 88,400 91,05280,000 91,200 20,000 111,200 114,536100,000 114,000 20,000 134,000 138,020$120,000 $136,800 $20,000 $156,800 $150,000 Maximumamine the retrospective rating formula that is usedin workers compensation insurance. The basic formulaused in this line of insurance isRetrospectivePremium=BasicPremium+RatableLosses×Loss ConversionFactor× TaxMultiplierThe basic premium is the fixed-cost element inthe plan, which does not vary with the level oflosses. Converted losses are actual losses sustained,plus a percentage of losses for loss adjustmentexpense. The tax multiplier is a variable charge,equal to the premium that will be due to the statefrom the insurer, and is based on the total premiumgenerated by the formula. The final premiumfor the year is determined by adding the basicpremium to actual losses and loss adjustment expense,and then adding the amount of the premiumtax that will be payable by the insurer to thestate.Although the terminology tends to be confusing,we can illustrate the elements in the retrospectiverating formula by indicating one set of values for
each of the elements in the formula. A large manufacturer
with a workers compensation experiencerated
premium of $100,000, for example, might elect
a retrospectively rated plan under which the insurer
would charge a fixed cost (the basic premium) of
$20,000, plus the amount of all losses adjusted to include
the cost of loss adjustment expenses (the loss
conversion factor) and 3 percent of this total for the
premium tax, all subject to a maximum of $150,000
and a minimum of $50,000. At the end of the policy
period the final computation would generate a premium
based on the amount of losses as illustrated
by the following schedule.
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