Although both Luther Burbank and Ge

Although both Luther Burbank and George Washington Carver drastically changed American agriculture and were close friends besides, their methods of working could hardly have been more dissimilar, Burbank's formal education ended with high school, but he was inspired by the works of Charles Darwin. In 1872, on his farm near Lunenberg, Massachusetts, he produced his first "plant cre-
5 ation"—a superior potato developed from the Early Rose variety. It still bears his name. After moving to
Santa Rosa, California, in 1875, Burbank created a stream of creations, earning the nickname ''the plant wizard." He developed new varieties of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and other plants, many of which are still economically important. He began his work some thirty years before the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's work on heredity, and while he did not participate in the developing science of
10 . plant genetics, his work opened the country's eye to the productive possibilities of plant breeding.
However, the value of his contributions was diminished by his methods. He relied on his keen memory and powers of observation and kept records only for his own use. He thus thwarted attempts by other scientists to study his achievements.
Carver, on the other hand, was a careful researcher who took thorough notes. Born a slave, he
15 attended high school in Kansas, Simpson College in Iowa, and Iowa State College, which awarded him a
master's degree. When the eminent black educator Booker T. Washington offered him a position at Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, he accepted. While Burbank concentrated on developing new plants, Carver found new uses for existing ones. He produced hundreds of synthetic products made from the soybean, the sweet potato, and especially the peanut, helping to free Southern agriculture from the tyranny of cotton.
71. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?
To compare the products created by two agricultural scientists
To demonstrate how Carver and Burbank influenced American agriculture
To contrast the careers and methods of two scientists
To explain how Charles Darwin inspired both Carver and Burbank
72. The word drastically in line 1 is closest in meaning to
Dramatically (B). initially (C). unintentionally (D). potentially
73. According to the passage, which of the following best describes the relationship between Burbank and Carver?
They were competitors. (B). Carver was one of Burbank's teachers.
(C). Burbank invited Carver to work with (D). They were personal friends.
74. The author implies that a significant difference between the techniques of Burbank and those of Carver is that
while Carver kept careful research records, Burbank did not
Carver popularised his achievements, but those of Burbank were relatively unknown
unlike Burbank, Carver concentrated mainly on developing new varieties of plants
Burbank bred both plants and animals, but Carver worked only with plants
75. According to the passage, what school awarded Carver a master's degree?
Simpson College (B). Iowa State College
(C). Tuskegee Institute (D). The University of Alabama
76. Carver developed new uses for all of the following crops EXCEPT
Cotton B. soybeans C. peanuts D. sweet potatoes
77. It can be inferred that Burbank's first "plant creation" is known as the
Early Rose potato B. Burbank potato C. Lunenberg potato D. Wizard potato
78. The word his in line 10 refers to
George Washington Carver's B. Gregor Mendel's C. Luther Burbank's D. Charles Darwin's
79. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word thwarted in line 12?
A. Restored B. Predated C. Nurtured D. Defeated
80. The word thorough in line 14 is closest in meaning to
complete B. general C. puzzling D. precise
81. The word tyranny in line 20 is closest in meaning to
history B. dependence C. control D. unreliability
82. At what point in the passage does the author focus on Burbank's weaknesses as a researcher?
Lines 3-4 B. Lines 5-7 C. Line 11 D. Lines 16-17