Introduction
In 2008, fossil fuels supported most of the world’s energy
needs and accounted for 88 % of primary energy consumption [5]. Considering rising costs and diminution of
potential reserves, there is an increasing interest in
developing new fuel supply sources to gradually replace
fossil fuels. Due to these reasons and the need for recycling carbon dioxide increasingly emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels, research has begun to focus on
alternative biomass-derived fuels [7, 14, 19, 24]. Currently, commercially produced biofuels are mainly derived
from food and oil crops. Given the fact that the surface of
agriculturally usable land tends to decrease, this has
already led to a competition between biofuel and food and
feed production.
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