Another effective way to improve the cyclability of SnO2based anode materials is to make composites with othermaterials, usually carbon as it can not only cushion theinternal stress induced during the volume change, but alsomake the composite more conductive. Graphene, a monolayerof carbon atoms with a tight packing of honeycomb lattice,has become one of the rising stars in material science.22–25 Itsintriguing properties, like high electrical conductivity andmechanical flexibility,26 make it very attractive for LIBs27–48and supercapacitors.49–51
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