The digital conversion of an analog biological signal does not produce an exact
replica of the original signal. The discrete digital signal is a digital approximation of
the original analog signal that is generated by repeatedly sampling the amplitude level
of the original signal at fixed time intervals. As a result, the original analog signal is
represented as a sequence of numbers—the digital signal.
The two main processes involved in A/D conversion are sampling and quantization.
Samplingis the process by which a continuous signal is first converted into a discrete
sequence in time. Ifx(t) is an analog signal, sampling involves recording the amplitude
value of x(t) every Tseconds. The amplitude value is denoted as x(kT) where
k¼0, 1, 2, 3,...is an integer that denotes the position or the sample number from
the sample set or data sequence. Trepresents the sampling interval or the time
between adjacent samples. In real applications, finite data sequences are generally
used in digital signal processing. Therefore, the range of a data points is
k¼0, 1,...N1 where N is the total number of discrete samples. The sampling
frequency, fs
, or the sampling rate, is equal to the inverse of the sampling period, 1/T,
and is measured in units of Hertz (s
1
).
Several digital sequences of particular importance are:
đang được dịch, vui lòng đợi..
