The recent discovery of graphene ha

The recent discovery of graphene has caused a surge of interest in the research and development of 2D materials and opened up a new era for 2D COPs.3–6 The 2D single atomic thick carbon sheet of graphene is a building block for carbon materials of all other dimensionalities, including 0D buckyballs, 1D nanotubes, and 3D graphite. Having a one-atomthick layer of sp2 -bonded 2D honeycomb lattice carbon, graphene possesses a high aspect ratio (the ratio of lateral size to
thickness), large surface,4 excellent charge carrier mobility,5,6 and good mechanical properties.7–9 The unique structure and properties make graphene and its derivatives very promising for a wide range of potential applications, including electronics, 7,8 sensors,
9,10 energy storage 4,12 and conversion, 4,11,13 biomedical diagnosis, 14 and electrocatalysis. 15 Similar to graphene and its derivatives, 2D COPs with precisely-controlled molecular structures and holes incorporating metals (i.e.,Fe, Co, Mn) or not incorporating them, have recently been demonstrated to show potentials for a wide variety of applications, including energy conversion and storage, gas storage and separation, sensing, and catalysis, to name a few.3,16–18 As a vital class of COPs with predesigned skeletons and nanopores of atomic precision, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have rapidly developed 19,20–25 since the appearance of the first report on COF in 2005. 26 Owing to their high porosity, welldefined molecular structure, and multi-functionalities, COFs show great promise for various applications, ranging from gas storage through catalysis to optoelectronics. 16 Since the research and development of graphene have been extensively reviewed, 15,16,27–34 we mainly focus in this review article on COPs and derivatives by summarizing recent important developments in this emerging field of active research and presenting critical issues, challenges, and perspectives. Some brief discussions on potential applications of COPs and their derivatives are also given in the sections as appropriate. It should bementioned that 3D crystalline or amorphous COP materials have also been extensively designed and synthesized from some of the rigid monomers mentioned in this review with various polymerization methods. 35–39 Since the development of 3D COP materials has been recently reviewed,19,39 we focus on 2D COPs in this article.

Kết quả (Việt) 1:

Phát hiện gần đây của graphene đã gây ra một sự đột biến của lãi suất trong nghiên cứu và phát triển vật liệu 2D và mở ra một kỷ nguyên mới cho 2D COPs.3–6 2D đơn nguyên tử carbon dày tấm graphen là một khối xây dựng cho carbon tài liệu của tất cả các dimensionalities, bao gồm 0D buckyballs, ống nano 1D 3D than chì. Có một lớp một-atomthick SP2-kho ngoại quan 2D honeycomb lưới carbon, graphene có một tỷ lệ khía cạnh cao (tỷ lệ kích thước bên phảiđộ dày), bề mặt lớn, động tuyệt vời phí vận chuyển 4, 5, 6 và tốt cơ khí properties.7–9 cấu trúc độc đáo và tính chất làm cho graphene và dẫn xuất của nó rất hứa hẹn cho một loạt các ứng dụng tiềm năng, bao gồm cả điện tử, 7,8 cảm biến,9,10 energy storage 4,12 and conversion, 4,11,13 biomedical diagnosis, 14 and electrocatalysis. 15 Similar to graphene and its derivatives, 2D COPs with precisely-controlled molecular structures and holes incorporating metals (i.e.,Fe, Co, Mn) or not incorporating them, have recently been demonstrated to show potentials for a wide variety of applications, including energy conversion and storage, gas storage and separation, sensing, and catalysis, to name a few.3,16–18 As a vital class of COPs with predesigned skeletons and nanopores of atomic precision, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have rapidly developed 19,20–25 since the appearance of the first report on COF in 2005. 26 Owing to their high porosity, welldefined molecular structure, and multi-functionalities, COFs show great promise for various applications, ranging from gas storage through catalysis to optoelectronics. 16 Since the research and development of graphene have been extensively reviewed, 15,16,27–34 we mainly focus in this review article on COPs and derivatives by summarizing recent important developments in this emerging field of active research and presenting critical issues, challenges, and perspectives. Some brief discussions on potential applications of COPs and their derivatives are also given in the sections as appropriate. It should bementioned that 3D crystalline or amorphous COP materials have also been extensively designed and synthesized from some of the rigid monomers mentioned in this review with various polymerization methods. 35–39 Since the development of 3D COP materials has been recently reviewed,19,39 we focus on 2D COPs in this article.