Results and discussionHomogeneous catalyst characterizationThe IR spectra of the free ligand and the VO(salen) complex present various bandsin the region 400–4,000 cm-1(Fig.1). The O–H stretching frequency of the freeligand is expected in the region 3,300–3,800 cm-1. However, the O–H stretchingfrequency is shifted to around 2,589 cm-1due to the internal hydrogen bridge OH–N=C [26, 27]. The C=N stretching frequency at 1,634 cm-1is in the region 1,590–1,640 cm-1reported for similar ligands [28, 29]. The C–N stretching frequency isreported in the region 1,350–1,410 cm-1[30]. For the free ligand, this band wasobserved as a medium band at 1,390 cm-1. A fourth characteristic band due to theC=C stretching frequency appears as a strong band at 1,600 cm-1.The characteristic V=O stretching frequency in the VO(salen) complex appears at980 cm-1, within the range 970–997 cm-1reported for similar oxovanadium (IV)complexes [31, 32]. The O–H stretching frequency of the free ligand at 2,589 cm-1is absent, as expected, in the spectrum of the coordinated ligand, confirming theassignment to a hydrogen bridge. On coordination of the Schiff base ligand, theC=N stretching frequency is shifted to lower frequency, 1,535 cm-1, indicating adecrease in the C=N bond order due to coordination of vanadium with azomethinenitrogen lone pair [23]. This effect is supported by the presence of a new absorptionpeak at 561 cm-1attributed to the V–N stretching frequency, which was not foundin the spectrum of the free ligand [25].
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