Of particular concern is the health of Fraser Island’s perched dune lakes, of which there are more than forty, half the number of such lakes in the world. These lakes are formed when organic matter, such as leaves, bark and dead plants gradually build up and harden in depressions created by the wind, creating an impermeable layer known as ‘coffee rock’ (see Figure 2). They sit above the regional aquifer and do not typically have inflow or outflow creeks and as such are generally hydrologically closed basins of rainwater. Owing to the fact that rainfall on Fraser Island exceeds water loss via
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