Social protection programs in Malaysia can be classified into two categories: social security and social insurance programs. Social Security Programs cover the social security retirement benefits of two major groups of employees: government civil ervants and private sector workers. Civil servants are protected under the pension scheme, a efined benefit program based on length of service and last drawn salary, while private sector workers are protected under the Employee Provident Fund, or EPF, a defined contribution retirement scheme with shared contribution of employee and employer. The armed forces of other rank not protected under the pension scheme are protected under the Armed Forces Fund, a defined contribution retirement scheme. The bulk of the Social Insurance Program falls under the Social Security Organization, which covers employees with a monthly income of RM 3,000 or less. In addition, workers are also protected under the work related compensation schemes. Despite the tangible benefits to their members, the existing social protection programs have proven to be inadequate to provide comprehensive coverage to their members, leaving many susceptible to poverty, particularly during the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. With the Global Economic Crisis of 2008/2009, greater emphasis must be placed on the enhancement of the social protection programs to ensure comprehensive coverage. Today, there is a call for a stronger family support and personal saving to compliment the current social protection programs.
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