2. Objective:To ensure early detect

2. Objective:
To ensure early detection and early eradication of pests and diseases to avoid the spread in the farm
3.Scope:
This work instructions define the action and responsibilities of worker pests and from identification of pests and disease by recording, tagging and reporting.
4.Work instruction
Prepare the following:
-Pen
-Notebook/ logbook
-Used poly bags (any recycle/ reuse for tagging purpose)
Go to the farm assign area for survey
Look for and other abnormalities and pests population infected plants showing external symtoms of bunchy Top, Moke Panama disease
-Diseases: Bunchy Top
Early stage: -1th affected leaf exhibit dark green streaks on 2ndary veins on the underside of the leaf, midrib and petiole.
Late stage: More leaves show the same symptoms on the 1th becoming progressively dwarfted/ new leaves are stunted and bunchy.
Leaf margins curl irregularly and become chlorotic (deformed and yellow)
If shot emerging stems may appear choked and reduce size.
Whole canopy appears as bunched near the cogollo.
¯Diseases: Moko disease
Early stage: yellowing of inner leaf lamina near its junction with the petiole in one of the youngest three leaves which readily collapse.
Late stage: all other leaves successively turn yellow and drop around the pseidostem within one week after occurrence of the earliest symptom.
If shot some fingers may appear deformed and prematurely turn yellow and rot
A finger when cut crosswise may exhibit brown discoloration of the pulp.
¯Diseases: Panama diseases:
Early stage Root system affected
Vacsular discolorization which varies from pale yellow to dark red.
Late stage: First develop in the feeder roots which are initial infection site. The fungus spread to the rhizone and the pseudo stems. Yellowing which typically begins at the leaf margin, progress from the older to younger leaves. Leaves may remain erect of collapse at the petiole. Sometimes leaves remain green except for spots on the petiole but still snap. The collapse leaves hang down at the pseudo stem like a skirt. Eventually, all the leaves pull down and dry up. Splitting at the base is another common symptoms.
¯Diseases: Sigatoka:
* Symptoms of Sigatoka leaf disease
Most infections start on the underside of the leaf during the unfurling of the cigar leaf. The symptoms start as small specks that become streaks running parallel to the leaf veins. These streaks aggregate and eventually form spots that coalesce, form a chlorotic halo, and eventually merge to cause extensive necrosis.
The first symptom, chlotoric specks, appears 14 to 20 days after infection. The period between the specks and the appearance of streaks, and eventually necrotic spots, varies according to the cultivar and the severity of infection.
* Stage of development of black leaf streak as described by Eric Fouré
Stage 1 appears as yellowish specks that are less than 1mm visible only on the underside of the leaf. This stage precedes stage 1 of Meredith and Lawrence of rusty-brown specks less than 0,25 mm in diameter on the underside of the leaf.
Stage 2 appears as red or brown streaks on the underside of the leaf, and later on on the upper side of the leaf. The colour of the streak will change progressively to black on the upper side of the leaf.
Stage 3 differs from the previous one by the dimensions of the streaks, which become longer and larger.
Stage 4 appears as a brown spot on the underside of the leaf and as a black spot takes an elliptical or circular form
Stage 5 is the first of two necrotic stages. The spot is totally blck and has spread to the underside of the leaf blade. It is surrounded by a yellow halo.
Stage 6 is when the centre of the spot dries out, turns light gray and is surrounded by a well-defined black ring, which is itself surrounded by a bright yellow halo. Since the ring persists, these spots remain visible after the leaf has dried out.
¯Pests: Include: corm weevils; Aphids mealybugs; Scale insects; Scarring bettle.
Recording and reporting of pests population and damaged in the farm any for evaluation of the manager/ supervisor to apply control measure
Record the farm block age of the plant (bearing, non bearing and vegetative stage.
Put identification accordingly.
¯Bunchy Top - single tying
¯Moko disease - double tying
¯P.D triple tying (Panama disease)
Weekly survey and eradication.
Weekly survey and eradication
Hot spot area twice a week survey and eradication
Repeat procedure for survey until area is fully covered
Report accomplishment to the farm supervisor