Protection of the atmosphere is a broad and multidimensional endeavour involving various sectors of
economic activity. The options and measures described in the present chapter are recommended for
consideration and, as appropriate, implementation by Governments and other bodies in their efforts to
protect the atmosphere.
9.2. It is recognized that many of the issues discussed in this chapter are also addressed in such
international agreements as the 1985 Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, the
1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer as amended, the 1992 United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and other international, including regional,
instruments. In the case of activities covered by such agreements, it is understood that the
recommendations contained in this chapter do not oblige any Government to take measures which
exceed the provisions of these legal instruments. However, within the framework of this chapter,
Governments are free to carry out additional measures which are consistent with those legal
instruments.
9.3. It is also recognized that activities that may be undertaken in pursuit of the objectives of this chapter
should be coordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to
avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimate priority needs of
developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of
poverty.
9.4. In this context particular reference is also made to programme area A of chapter 2 of Agenda 21
(Promoting sustainable development through trade).
9.5. The present chapter includes the following four programme areas:
a. Addressing the uncertainties: improving the scientific basis for decision-making;
b. Promoting sustainable development:
i. Energy development, efficiency and consumption;
ii. Transportation;
iii. Industrial development;
iv. Terrestrial and marine resource development and land use;
c. Preventing stratospheric ozone depletion;
d. Transboundary atmospheric pollution.
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