Such structures need to be analyzed with fracture criteria which clearly discriminate the two fracture mechanisms FF and IFF and moreover differentiate the different forms of IFF. The new fracture model developed by Puck offers unique opportunities in this field.
The relevance of a correct IFF analysis has among others been proved by the prototype of a short torsional spring (500 mm long) for the rear suspension of a passenger car [Puck 1996, Puck and Schürmann 2002]. The maximum angle of twist was defined to be 30°. These boundary conditions asked for an unconventional laminate design. One of the early designs tested showed already a very good fatigue performance.
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