Kết luậnOur study investigated the association between the extent of voluntary disclosure and levels of family ownership. The resultsshowthatatmoderatetolowlevelsoffamilyshareholding(25%orless),theconvergenceofinteresteffectbecomes dominantandthelevelofvoluntarydisclosureislower.Athighlevelsoffamilyshareholding(above25%),theentrenchment effect becomes dominant and causes the level of voluntary disclosure to increase. Our results support the hypothesis that the extent of voluntary disclosure is associated with the level of family shareholding and more closely examine the nature of this relationship. The impact of family ownership on voluntary disclosure is of particular significance since HK endeavors to become one of the major international capital markets. In general, international investors make foreign investments with two fundamental objectives: to search for higher returns or to minimize risk resulting from internationally diversified portfolios. In the current global financial crisis environment, international investors are less likely to have trust in foreign firms as they are less informed about them compared to domestic firms. This situation may result in a reduction in the flow of international capital and a higher cost of capital for these foreign firms. In general, a reduction in information asymmetry can increase the investment from international investors and reduce the cost of capital for the firm. A higher level of corporate information disclosure could help reduce the information asymmetry in the capital markets, thereby lowering the risk of international investors making wrong decisions. Higher disclosure of corporate accounting information could help to attract international investors. It appears that the HK’s ability to become one of the major international capital markets and recover from the recent global financial crisis will require greater corporate information disclosure to attract international capital flows. The complex influence of family ownership on transparency levels in HK companies, as revealed by this research, needs to be carefully considered by policymakers when developing further regulation. The results also show that the appointment of an independent chairman is positively related to the level of voluntary disclosure and mitigates both the influence of independent non-executive directors and family ownership levels. Such influence of family ownership on voluntary disclosures holds for firms with a non-independent chairman. While these results must be interpreted in the context of HK’s institutional environment, the results of this study should be of interest to policymakers whose institutional environment is similar. For instance, “The ownership of listed companies in East Asia is typically concentrated in the hands of large shareholders” (Fan & Wong, 2002, 404). Claessens et al. (2000, 110) also report that “more than two thirds of corporations in East Asian countries are controlled by a single shareholder.” Given similarities in the institutional environment of firms in East Asian countries, the findings of this study should be of interest to policymakers not only in HK but also other East Asian countries. Thus, it offers policymakers not only in HK but other East Asian countries evidence to assess the adoption of control mechanisms such as INEDs on the board and independent chairman by companies characterized by the presence of highly concentrated ownership structures.6.1. những hạn chếNghiên cứu này dựa trên các hình thức duy nhất của chiếc xe công bố, các báo cáo hàng năm. Nghiên cứu trong tương lai có thể điều tra khác meansofdisclosuresuchasprospectuses, pressreleasestosecurityanalysts, financialnewsandannouncementsintakeover tài liệu. Thisresearchwasalsolimitedtoexaminingtheextentofvoluntarydisclosurecross-sectionallyusing2002data chỉ. Futureresearchcouldexaminechangesindisclosurepracticesoveraperiodoftime.Gray,Kouhy,andLavers (1995), trong bối cảnh xã hội báo cáo, chỉ ra rằng thực hành công bố thay đổi theo thời gian. Các nghiên cứu theo chiều dọc có thể giải quyết các vấn đề chẳng hạn như việc tiết lộ thông tin công ty hỏi là liên quan đến một chiều kích thời gian và mức độ mà significance để xác định các yếu tố thay đổi theo thời gian. Anotherlimitationofthisstudyisthattwocontrolvariables, cross-corporateshareholdingandoutsideowners, werenot được bao gồm trong các mô hình. Các biến này có thể đóng góp vào mức độ tự nguyện tiết lộ. Nghiên cứu này cũng được giới hạn bởi sự lựa chọn của các mục được bao gồm trong các tính toán của tiết lộ điểm, chắc chắn sẽ liên quan đến một số mức độ subjectivityeventhoughwehavemadeattemptstoreducesuchsubjectivity. Cuối cùng, thisresearchwaslimitedtoexamining theextentofvoluntarydisclosureofasampleof273listedfirmsinHKfortheyear2002.Anygeneralizationoftheresearch findings cần phải được đánh giá trong bối cảnh các công ty này mẫu.
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