Dynamic - Management activities that deplete soilorganic matter and leave soil bare, smooth and exposed tothe direct impact of water droplets increase soil dispersion,surface sealing, runoff, erosion, and crusting. Excessivetillage tends to break up soil clods into smaller sizes moresusceptible to breakdown, bury most plant residue, andaccelerate decomposition of organic matter. Harvestmethods that remove most or all of aboveground biomassalso prevent or reduce organic matter buildup andprotection of the soil surface. Until the crop and itsprotective canopy is established, residue removal alsoexposes soil to direct sunlight, which increases soiltemperature and accelerates drying of the soil surface intoa hard crust.
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