It also notes that the innovations and creative expressions of indigenous and local communities are also IP, although their
‘traditional’ nature means they may not be fully protected as IP.
In Australia, protection of IP is covered by federal law. The following types of IP protection are possible:
• Patents – for products and processes
• Trade marks – including logos, pictures, letters, words, sounds, smells, shapes and packaging that distinguishes the goods and services of one business or organisation from another
• Designs – for manufactured goods
• Plant breeder’s rights – for new plant varieties
• Copyright – for literary, artistic, dramatic, musical work; broadcasts, multimedia and computer programs
• Circuit layout rights – for electronic circuitry
• Confidentiality and trade secrets – for confidential or proprietary information
The different types of IP are covered by their own legislation. The ownership of IP is akin to the ownership of physical property. It is important to bear in mind that the creator of IP is not necessarily the owner.
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