The HASHI (Hifadhi Ardhi Shinyanga—Swahili for soil conservation)
project has supported restoration of forests through the recognition
and restoration of ngitili (forest and shrubland set aside as traditional grazing and fodder reserves). The project has been
facilitated by the 2002 Forest Act, which permits forest tenure at the local level through Village land forest reserves and
Community forest reserves. Through the HASHI project, rights to use and sell forest products from ngitili are recognized,
and technical support is provided to improve productivity. Support is also provided for expanding markets for products
and for the development of new products. By 2004, at least 350,000 hectares of ngitili were restored or created in 833
villages, encompassing a population of 2.8 million. It has been estimated that the benefit per person per month of ngitili is
US$14. Income from ngitili has also been used to support schools and other forms of rural development.
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