UNIT XIThe nervous system: c. motor and integrative neurophysiology1. The phylogenetically new cerebral cortex, the neocortex, is composed of six layers tangential to thepial surface of the hemisphere. Which of the following statements concerning the organization of these sixlayers is correct?A) The neurons in layers I, I, and III perform most of the thalamocortical connections within thesame hemisphereB) The neurons in layers II and III form connections with the basal gangliaC) Specific incoming signals from the cerebellum terminate primarily in layer IVD) The neurons in layer V have axons that extend beyond layer V to subcortical regions and thespinal cordE) The neurons in layer VI send their axons to the hippocampus2. As they leave the spinal cord and course peripherally to skeletal muscle, the axons of motor neuronsmust pass through which of the following structures?A) Posterior columnB) Posterior rootC) Ventral white commissureD) Posterior hornE) Anterior root3. Which of the following items is the type of neuron whose axon forms synaptic junctions with theskeletal muscle cells (extrafusal fibers) that comprise the major part of a muscle?A) Alpha motor neuronsB) Pyramidal neuronsC) Gamma motor neuronsD) Granule cellsE) Purkinje cells4. Ascending fibers from the excitatory elements of the reticular activating system reach the intralaminarnuclei of the thalamus and from there they are distributed to which of the following locations?A) They project to the somatosensory nuclei of the thalamusB) They extend widely throughout many areas of cortexC) They reach the motor nuclei of the thalamusD) They course primarily to the precentral gyrusE) They extend primarily to the postcentral gyrus5. Which of the following statements concerning the general functional role of the cerebellum is correct?A) The cerebellum directly stimulates motor neurons required to make a movementB) The cerebellum is unable to make corrective adjustments to the movement once it is performedC) The cerebellum does not receive feedback from muscles that execute the actual movement D) The cerebellum is not involved in the planning of a movement, only its executionE) The cerebellum plays an active role in the coordination of the muscles required to make amovement6. Which of the following spinal cord levels contains the entire population of preganglionic sympatheticneurons?A) C5-T1B) C3-C5C) S2-S4D) T1-L2E) T6-L17. Which of the following statements best describes a functional role for the lateral hemispheres of thecerebellum?A) Controls and coordinates movements of the axial muscles as well as the shoulder and hipB) Controls movements that involve distal limb musculatureC) Functions with the cerebral cortex to plan movementsD) Stimulates motor neurons through its connections to the spinal cord8. Which of the following items would produce an increase in cerebral blood flow?A) Increase in carbon dioxide concentrationB) Increase in oxygen concentrationC) Decrease in the activity of cerebral cortex neuronsD) Decrease in carbon dioxide concentrationE) Decrease in arterial blood pressure from 120 mm Hg to 90 mm Hg9. Which of the following is the correct Brodmann number designation for the primary motor cortex?A) 6B) 5C) 4D) 3E) 110. Which of the following body parts is represented most laterally and inferiorly within the primarymotor cortex?A) FaceB) HandC) NeckD) AbdomenE) Lower limb11. Which of the following items is the type of neuron whose axon forms synaptic junctions withskeletal muscle cells (intrafusal fibers) within the muscle spindles?A) Alpha motor neuronsB) Pyramidal neuronsC) Gamma motor neurons D) Granule cellsE) Purkinje cells12. Preganglionic sympathetic axons pass through which of the following structures?A) Dorsal rootB) Dorsal primary ramiC) White ramiD) Gray ramiE) Ventral primary rami
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